1577 Roberts Drive, Suite 225, Jacksonville Beach, FL 32250
Jacksonville Beach, FL · Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute

Shoulder Surgery
in
Jacksonville, FL

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body — and that mobility comes at the cost of inherent instability, making it dependent on the rotator cuff, labrum, and surrounding soft tissue to function correctly. Dr. Graham treats the full upper extremity from fingertip to shoulder, with a particular focus on rotator cuff repair done right — all-arthroscopic, tear-morphology-driven, and built to last.

When to See Dr. Graham
  • Shoulder pain at night — can't sleep on the affected side
  • Weakness reaching overhead or behind your back
  • MRI-confirmed rotator cuff tear with persistent symptoms
  • Shoulder that progressively stiffened — freezing, pain, loss of motion
  • Shoulder pain after a fall — especially if the arm feels weak
  • Told your tear is "too large" to fix — second opinion welcome

Rotator cuff repair recovery takes approximately 1 year — Dr. Graham tells every patient this before surgery. Patience is required; this cannot be rushed.

The Rotator Cuff
Is Where This Starts

Of all the shoulder conditions Dr. Graham treats, rotator cuff repair is the one he takes the most pride in. The surgery is technically demanding, recovery is long, and the margin for error in technique is real — particularly in Zone 2, where the repair must be strong enough to withstand early active motion yet precise enough not to create impingement. Dr. Graham performs every repair arthroscopically using a double-row speed bridge technique, and he adapts the construct to the shape of the specific tear rather than applying a single approach uniformly.

Crescentic tears, L-shaped tears, T-shaped tears, delaminating tears — each has a different geometry that requires a different sequence of steps. L-shaped and T-shaped tears need margin convergence sutures before the tissue can be reduced to bone. Delaminating tears require independent mobilization and repair of each layer. Large or retracted tears often require an interval slide to gain the length needed for a tension-free repair. Forcing a repair under tension is the most common reason repairs fail.

Beyond rotator cuff, Dr. Graham performs anatomic and reverse total shoulder replacement, proximal humerus fracture fixation, labral repair and biceps tenodesis, frozen shoulder management through manipulation and arthroscopic release, and selected AC joint procedures. The shoulder is approached with the same precision that defines the hand and wrist practice.

Rotator Cuff — The Differentiator

Every Tear Has a Shape. The Repair Should Match It.

Dr. Graham's approach to rotator cuff repair is built around one principle: the technique follows the tear, not the other way around. All repairs are all-arthroscopic. The standard construct is a double-row speed bridge. What varies is everything that happens before the anchors go in.

  • Crescentic tears — Direct reduction to footprint, speed bridge fixation
  • L & T-shaped tears — Margin convergence first, converts to a crescent, then anchor fixation
  • Delaminating tears — Each layer mobilized and repaired independently
  • Large / retracted tears — Interval slide for mobilization before fixation
  • "Irreparable" tears — Assessed in the OR before declaring irreparable
Honest recovery framing: Rotator cuff repair is one of the most difficult operations in orthopedic surgery. Full recovery takes approximately 1 year. Dr. Graham tells every patient this before surgery — not as a caveat, but as the foundation for realistic expectations and successful outcomes. This cannot be rushed.

Shoulder Conditions

The shoulder conditions Dr. Graham treats — from the most common to the most complex. Second opinions on rotator cuff and shoulder replacement are welcome.

Stiffness & Capsular Conditions
Labrum & Biceps
🔵
Biceps Tenodesis
Reattaching or transferring the long head of the biceps — the most common treatment for SLAP and biceps pathology.
Coming soon
Fractures & Trauma
🦴
Proximal Humerus Fracture
Shoulder fractures — ORIF, hemiarthroplasty, or reverse TSA depending on fracture pattern and patient age.
⛓️
AC Joint Separation
Acromioclavicular joint injury — most treated non-operatively; selected high-grade separations repaired surgically.
Coming soon
🔵
Clavicle Fracture
Midshaft and distal clavicle fractures — non-operative management or ORIF based on displacement and patient demands.
Coming soon
Arthritis & Replacement
🔧
Anatomic Total Shoulder Replacement
Standard TSA for glenohumeral arthritis with intact rotator cuff — restores native anatomy and motion.
🔄
Reverse Total Shoulder Replacement
rTSA for massive irreparable cuff tears, cuff tear arthropathy, and selected proximal humerus fractures.
💢
Shoulder Arthritis
Glenohumeral arthritis — non-operative management through replacement, matched to severity and patient needs.

Shoulder Surgery With
Upper Extremity Precision

The principles that define Dr. Graham's hand and wrist surgery — technical precision, anatomy-driven decisions, honest recovery framing — apply equally to the shoulder.

01

All-Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff

Every rotator cuff repair is performed arthroscopically — no open incisions, no deltoid takedown. The double-row speed bridge technique maximizes tendon-to-bone contact and load distribution. The technique is adapted to each tear's specific geometry rather than applied uniformly, which is the most important technical decision in rotator cuff surgery.

02

Tear Shape Determines the Repair

Most rotator cuff surgeons use the same technique for every tear. Dr. Graham doesn't. L-shaped and T-shaped tears get margin convergence sutures first. Delaminating tears get each layer repaired independently. Retracted tears get an interval slide before fixation. The geometry of the tear determines what happens before the anchors go in — and getting that sequence right determines whether the repair holds.

03

Honest Recovery Framing

Rotator cuff repair is one of the most difficult operations in orthopedic surgery — and recovery takes approximately 1 year. Dr. Graham tells every patient this before surgery. Therapy begins at 2 weeks with passive motion only. The patients who do best are the ones who understood and planned for this timeline before the operation.

04

Proximal Humerus ORIF

Proximal humerus fractures — particularly the complex 3- and 4-part patterns — are among the most technically demanding fixation cases in the shoulder. Dr. Graham takes pride in his proximal humerus ORIF outcomes, with particular attention to avoiding avascular necrosis through careful preservation of the remaining humeral head blood supply. Reverse TSA is available for cases where fixation is not appropriate.

05

Anatomic and Reverse TSA

Dr. Graham performs both anatomic total shoulder replacement — for glenohumeral arthritis with an intact rotator cuff — and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, for massive irreparable cuff tears, cuff tear arthropathy, and selected proximal humerus fractures in older patients. The right implant is chosen based on what the specific shoulder requires, not a default preference.

06

Non-Operative First for Most Conditions

Shoulder instability, AC joint separations, smaller rotator cuff tears, impingement, and frozen shoulder in its early stages all deserve a genuine trial of conservative management before surgery is discussed. In Dr. Graham's experience, many shoulder conditions that are referred for surgery still have meaningful non-operative options that haven't been fully explored — and those options are always considered first.

On "irreparable" rotator cuff tears: Being told a tear is too large to fix is not always the final word. Many tears that appear massive on MRI are still repairable arthroscopically with the right mobilization technique — interval slides, margin convergence, and tissue releases that reduce a large defect before anchoring. In Dr. Graham's experience, a tear should not be declared irreparable without first taking it to the operating room and seeing what the tissue allows. Second opinions on massive rotator cuff tears are always welcome.

"Carol Fliess said Dr. Graham called her the evening of her surgery on his way home to check in. That's not something you expect from a surgeon."

Carol Fliess  ·  Surgery Patient  ·  Verified Google Review ★ 5/5

Read All 250+ Google Reviews →

Frequently Asked Questions

Dr. Graham treats rotator cuff tears (all sizes and morphologies, all-arthroscopic), frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), labral tears including SLAP, biceps tendon pathology (tenotomy and tenodesis), proximal humerus fractures, AC joint separations, shoulder impingement, and shoulder arthritis — including both anatomic and reverse total shoulder replacement. The shoulder is a full component of his upper extremity practice, approached with the same precision and deliberateness as hand and wrist surgery.
Two things primarily: the technique is adapted to the shape of the tear, and the recovery framing is honest. Most rotator cuff surgeons use the same approach for every tear. Dr. Graham doesn't — L-shaped and T-shaped tears get margin convergence sutures before anchoring; delaminating tears get each layer repaired independently; large retracted tears get an interval slide for mobilization first. The geometry of the tear determines the sequence of steps. He also tells every patient before surgery that rotator cuff repair is one of the most difficult operations in orthopedic surgery and that recovery takes approximately 1 year — because patients who know that going in do better.
Not always. Many tears that appear massive on MRI are still repairable arthroscopically with the right mobilization — interval slides, tissue releases, and margin convergence sutures that reduce a large defect before anchoring. A tear should not be declared irreparable without first taking it to the operating room and directly assessing what the tissue allows. Second opinions on massive rotator cuff tears are welcome here.
Frozen shoulder moves through three stages — freezing (painful and inflaming), frozen (less pain but severely restricted motion), and thawing (gradual recovery). Dr. Graham gives conservative management a genuine 6-month trial including physical therapy and a glenohumeral corticosteroid injection before considering surgery. When intervention is needed, manipulation under anesthesia under general anesthesia with a nerve block is the standard first surgical option. Arthroscopic capsular release is reserved for patients with a pre-existing rotator cuff or labral tear (where MUA could extend those injuries), post-surgical or post-fracture frozen shoulder, and cases with dense organized contracture on MRI.
A reverse total shoulder arthroplasty flips the normal ball-and-socket geometry — the ball is placed on the socket side (glenoid) and the socket on the ball side (humerus). This allows the deltoid muscle to power shoulder elevation even without a functioning rotator cuff. It is the appropriate choice for massive irreparable rotator cuff tears with arthritis, cuff tear arthropathy, and selected proximal humerus fractures in older patients where ORIF is not feasible. Dr. Graham performs both anatomic and reverse TSA, choosing based on what the specific shoulder and patient require.
Shoulder instability and Bankart repair are outside Dr. Graham's practice focus — these cases are best served by surgeons who perform high volumes of instability surgery specifically. For labral pathology related to SLAP tears and biceps tendon problems, Dr. Graham does perform labral repair in appropriately selected young active patients and biceps tenodesis for most other presentations. If you have instability as your primary concern, he will refer you to the right provider.

Shoulder pain holding you back?
Get it evaluated properly.

Whether it's night pain from a rotator cuff tear, a shoulder that has progressively frozen, or a fracture that needs expert fixation, Dr. Graham will evaluate the shoulder carefully and give you an honest assessment of what the injury is and what the options are. Second opinions on rotator cuff and shoulder replacement are always welcome.

Call (904) 241-1204 Referring Physicians →
Contact & Location
1577 Roberts Drive, Suite 225
Jacksonville Beach, FL 32250
Clinic days: Tue · Wed · Fri
Surgery days: Mon · Thu

Bring any prior shoulder imaging — MRI, X-rays, or prior operative reports — to the first visit. Second opinions are welcome and encouraged.